Holocaust - is the term generally used to describe the methodical brutally killing of approximately six million European Jews during World War II.

Nazi Germany:

The background of establishment of the Nazi party – Loosing the First World War caused Germany heavy economic and moral crisis. The crisis brought them to establish extremism political movements, amongst the right parties and amongst the left. One of the parties was The National Socialist German Workers Party who was led most of the time by Adolf Hitler. The Nazi party attracted focus because of her strong leadership by Hitler and his promises to withdraw Germany from the crisis and to bring Germany's dignity back. By the year of 1933 the Nazis party was elected and Hitler started establishing his position as Germany Fuehrer by taking outlawed the other parties in the Germany government, leaving only the Nazi party with unlimited legislation authority.

The Anti-Semitic's in Nazi Germany:

The Antisemitism in Germany grew and got stronger with the increase of the competition between the Jewish public and the general population in Germany. Jew’s could be found in any market branch in Germany because their skills and effort to success.

The racism used the Nazis to establish the basic for the Nazis philosophy while the anti-Semitism became a veritable religion. The Nazis ideology included race perspective regarding specific humans superiority races comparing “inferior race” and annihilated them in order to preserve the “superior race”. The Nazis used wide propaganda to bring about Nazis ideology for hating Jew’s by movies, caricatures, books and newspapers. The press was completely under the Nazis control. New law was engraved in October 4, 1933 and fired all the Jew’s from the newspapers. Only “Aryan race” people were allowed to be employed. Till 1937, all the daily newspapers moved to Nazis ownership or they stopped their activity. As a result of nonstop Nazis controlling the media, any citizens couldn’t escape the repeated absorbable messages about human superiority races ideology "Get rid of the Jewish race, the Aryan race is the one who controls". This “Truth” was infused to the German’s consciousness and unconsciousness, changing their perspective and left the Third Reich Truth as their only Truth.

Pogroms among Jew’s in Nazi Germany:

Germany’s Jew’s were the first community to suffer from the Nazism policy. After Nazis party was elected by the year 1933, many Jews began immigrating to neighbor countries and even to the Land of Israel (Palestine). By the end of 1930s, the Jew’s refugee problem became very serious and many countries closed their gate to fugitives and immigrants.

The social insulation (1933-1934) “Excommunication Day”:

In April 1, 1933  “Excommunication Day” took place. Hooligans’ troops attacked Jewish businesses, sabotaging their merchandise, damaging the Jewish neighborhoods and beating them. The Excommunication Day was first significant step against Jew's in Nazi Germany.
The main purpose of this day was to take the Jew’s out the society and create common denominator among the population – hating Jew’s.

On May 1933, Jewish writer’s books were burnt at “Babylon” square in Berlin. Other articles against the Nazis regime were burnt too and in addition to that, they forbade any use of Jewish culture – music, theater, physics and psychology.

The legal insulation (1935-1939) Nuerenberg Laws

The Nuremberg Laws of 1935 were laws passed in Nazi Germany. They used a pseudoscientific basis for racial discrimination against Jewish people. Those laws were legal basis to behave cruelly to the Jews. Jews were not allowed to sit on public benches nor bathe in swimming pools. Their driving licenses were canceled, shopping was limited for only 1 hour, electricity and gas supplies were cut, and many more prohibitions.

The Aryanization:

Based on the ideology of an Aryan master race it was made generally to the benefit those of the Nazi's supporters and party members. The term is also used to refer to the sifting of conquered people by the Nazis in order to "improve" the population by removing individuals who failed to conform to their racial ideals.

Kristallnacht - Night of the Broken Glass:

On October 1938 the Nazis announce that all Germany Jew’s with Poland citizenship's should be expelled to Poland's territory. The Polish government refused to accept the Jews, leaving them in the demilitarized area without any food or shelter. Most of them died under the difficult conditions. On November 7, 1938 a young Jew, by the name of Herschel Grynszpan, enraged by his family's expulsion from Germany, walked into the German Embassy in Paris and fired five shots at a junior diplomat. Three days later, the diplomat was dead and Germany was in the grip of skillfully orchestrated anti-Jewish violence. In the early hours of November 10th, many Germans started destruction journey in cities, towns and villages throughout the Third Reich. A total of 91 Jews were killed in the incident. The consequences of this violence were disastrous for the Jews of the Third Reich.

After this terrible pogrom, the Germany government demanded the Jews to pay 1 billion dollars to German marks for all their business damages.

The Immigration from Germany:

In the first stage in the beginning of the 1930s till 1935, the Jew’s could emigrate from Germany with their property. 57 thousand Jews left, many of them hoped their situation will be improve and even came back to Germany in 1934. In the second stage between the years 1935-1938 after Nuerenberg Laws were published, 75 thousand Jews emigrated. In the third stage since 1938 and after Kristallnacht (Night of the Broken Glass), 150 thousand Jews emigrated. This emigration took place because of the Nazis policy to clean the Third Reich from any Jew’s.

The Extermination Stage:

In the beginning, the Jew’s of Poland were condensed inside ghettos. Later, when the German occupied Soviet Union areas, they started murdering whole Jewish communities, after expelling all the Jews of Germany, Austria to the ghettos of Lodz, Minsk, Kaunas and Riga.

Wannsee Conference:

The Wannsee Conference was a meeting of senior officials of the Nazi German regime, held in the Berlin suburb of Wannsee on January 20, 1942. The purpose of the conference was to inform heads of German Government Departments that had responsibility for various policies relating to Jews, Reinhard Heydrich's was appointment as the sole executor of the "Final solution to the Jewish question", and to obtain their agreement to subordinate their policies to him. In the course of the meeting, Heydrich presented a plan, approved by Hitler, for the deportation of the Jewish population of Europe to German-occupied areas of the Soviet Union, and the use of those Jews fit for labor on road-building projects; that plan was never fully implemented, owing to the failure to achieve final victory over the Soviet Union, and most of the Jews of German-occupied Europe were sent to extermination or concentration camps, or killed where they lived.

The Jews in Poland 1939-1941:

Germany invaded Poland on the first of September 1939 beginning the Second World War. Shortly after the conquering Poland, the Germans started conspiring against the Jewish communities even the “Final Solution” become crystallized only in 1941.

The First Limit rules – Jews between the ages of 14-65 went out to forced labor. Jew’s deposits were frozen in the banks and they were not allowed to keep more than 2000 zloty. In October 1930 every Jew was committed to wear yellow patch with the Star of David on it, required to sign their business and register any property they own. Committed to pay heavy taxes and under curfew during evening hours till morning.

Ghettos Establishment:

On December 1939, Heinrich Himmler sent official announcement to Nazi’s institutions to put all the Jew together in the same place called the Ghetto. The ghettos main final purpose was only the first stage in a whole plan to expel the Jews. The first founded ghetto was in the city Lodz and called “Ghetto Lodz ", which was one of the biggest in occupied Poland. This is the first ghetto founded and the last one that closed in1944. The ghetto used the Germans to several targets: Insulation of the Jews from the “The Aryan” society, comfortable concentration place to send the Jews to labor camps and later to the Extermination camps. The Nazis goal was break the Jews mentally by starvation, humiliation, coercion works, and death from diseases and plagues that stripped in the ghetto. The Warsaw (Poland capital) Ghetto was established on October 16, 1940. At this time, the population of the Ghetto was estimated to be 440,000 people, about 38% of the population of Warsaw. However, the size of the Ghetto was about 4.5% of the size of Warsaw. Nazis then closed off the Warsaw Ghetto from the outside world in 1940, building a wall with armed guards. During the next year and a half, thousands of the Polish Jews were brought into the Ghetto, while diseases (especially typhoid) and starvation kept the inhabitants at about the same number. Towards summer 1942 the Nazis began to send the Jews to Treblinka for final annihilation.

Jews deportations from the ghettos to the Extermination camps:

1. The first deportation was in the months July until September in 1942, when the Germans evacuated most of the ghettos. 2. The second deportation was done in January 1943, when action of Jewish organization fighter disturbed deportation, notwithstanding that no one there was cooperation from Jewish side of the ghetto. In this deportation 5000 Jews were expelled from the ghetto. The third deportation began in April 1943, this deportation encountered resistance as a rebellion also known “Warsaw Ghetto Uprising”. The rebellion ended when the Germans destroyed completely the ghetto.

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising:

The final elimination of the ghetto began in April 19,1943. The ghetto was already under alertness and the streets were empty, when German power armed force entered the ghetto he was immediately attacked by Jewish Resistance movement members. The rebellion continued three days, which included battles in the streets. In April 22, the Germans changed their method and began to burn ghetto houses. The Resistances didn’t have any choice than surrender them self to the German. About 6000 Jews were burned in their hiding place or asphyxiated from the heavy smoke. In May 16 1943, the Germans reported ending the “Action” (action against Jews in the period of the Nazis). 65,065 Jews were caught and 13,292 were murdered. 631 bunkers and hiding places were destroyed. The survivors moved to Treblinka extermination camp. In February Heinrich Himmler ordered to destroy completely the ghetto. Today, in Warsaw and the ghetto area there is memorial sites that remain from Auschwitz and Birkenau concentration and death camps. The Germans started to build the concentration camps in 1940. The most famous and horrible was near the small town called Osvyenchim. Auschwitz concentration camps considered the most terrible and to symbolize the Nazis exterminating machine. Auschwitz was included in the 3 main camps:

1. The original concentration camp served as an administrative center of all the camps in the area, and within murdered about 75 intellectual Polish people and 15 thousand Soviet Union prisoners of war.

2. “Birkenau” - Extermination camp that million and half Jews and about 22 thousand gypsies were murdered inside him.

3. “Monovitz” - served as a labor camp for “E Ga Farben” company (Company of chemicals production in Nazi Germany).

It is important to point out, approximately 80% from all the people that were brought to Auschwitz, were sent after selection immediately to the gas chambers. Many men, women and children who looked “healthy” were sent to coercion work in Auschwitz network camps. Under arduousness and difficult conditions, many found their death from hunger, exhaustion or abuse. The evacuation and the liberation were in 1944 when the Germans were exploded Birknao gas chambers in order to destroy evidences from the Soviets soldiers that progressed to them.

In January 18 1945, the Nazi corps began to evacuate the camp; about 7500 prisoners were released by the “Red Army” on January 27 1945. Many countries determined this date as international Remembrance Day to the holocaust.

Blurring the Horror Actions 1943 - 1945:

In the beginning of 1943, the “Third Reich” began undermining his condition until his capitulation and his absolute fall on May 7, 1945. While the soviet army is in progress, the Germans destroyed the rest of the ghettos and camps in order to vanish and blurred all the evidences. They marched dozens of thousands of Jews, also known as “The Death Marches”. The Jews walked in longs columns. If one Jewish fell, he was shoot and left behind. About 200 thousand Jews were moved in this way to camps inside Germany.

Results:

The war and the holocaust left millions of refugees, including many Jews who lost their loved ones, families assets, and still had to deal with anti-Semitism in their countries. Many refugees refused to return to their countries because of mental difficulties in the bitter terrible memory and also because many didn’t have place to go back to - Everything was ruined. Therefore, more than 25 thousand refugees were put in uprooted camps in Europe.

The holocaust survivors were bodily suffering, and mental spiritual suffering. After exposing the annihilation of Jew's in Europe, comes period of silence from side of the survivors about what they experienced in the holocaust.

The Zionist movement, who was a prominent movement before the war, received universal support amongst the Jews after the war. Many Zionists claimed that if there was already Jewish state in the period of the holocaust then the holocaust would never be in those tremendous dimensions. With the rise of the Zionism, many Jews refugees arrived to the land of Israel, but the Arabs in the country opposed the immigration of Jews and Britain closed gates of the Israel country. As a result of that, the “movement of the breakout organized many Jews to immigrate to Israel in illegal ways".

In 1952, all the uprooted camps were closed with more than 80 thousand uprooted Jews in United States, 136 thousand in Israel, 20 thousand in other states like Canada and South Africa. Many Nazi’s party members were convicted. 5025 Nazis war criminals were convicted between the years 1945 1949 in Germany areas that were under United States, France and Britain's control. The most famous war criminal who got caught was Adolf Otto Eichmann who was captured in Argentina in 1961 and judged in Israel justice trial and sentenced to death (known as the”Eichmann trial”).